As a result, the logistics infrastructure dimension was the only competitiveness driver classified as unfavorable among the analyzed factors. Therefore, the used methodology considers the systemic character of different factors that affect the supply chain positively or negatively. Due to its economic importance for the country, this study aims to identify the competitiveness drivers of soybean destined for the international market and to measure their impacts on the export process. Despite the growing importance in the international market in the last harvests, activities related to this product threaten this position. The role of a World Environment Organization in implementing an International Environmental Governance is discussed as well as more specific policy options.īrazil is the world's second-largest producer of soybeans and the largest exporter. The possibility of using technical trade barriers based on environmental criteria is explored. The chapter identifies research priorities and suggests policy options for reducing the impacts of global trade on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The impacts of the production of these food and other agricultural products on ecosystems and biodiversity are assessed in the production countries. The European Union’s imports or its contributions to global trade are evaluated. For each of these cases, global importance and fluxes are described. It presents eight case studies (agro-fuels, fishing, flower, palm oil, shrimp and fish farming, soybean, tourism, and tropical timber). It analyzes some impacts of European standards of life on ecosystem services in developing countries. An essential read for critical green criminologists and those working in security.This chapter introduces environmental challenges associated with global trade. Cao also provides interesting insight into a region where we know very little. His unique synthesis of this green crime to non-traditional security is a framework that should be tested in other locations. Cao’s typologies of timber trafficking expose new dimensions to a crime that is often ignored by the criminological community. “Timber Trafficking in Vietnam: Crime, the Environment and Security is a highly original and valuable contribution to both the fields of criminology and security studies. A must read.” (Professor Rob White, University of Tasmania, Australia) In the light of the importance of Asia in regards environmental crimes, this book provides vital insights into particular harms and threats to security, and what can be done to prevent these. Close examination of the processes, players, victims and responses reveals complexities and challenges that are of global interest and significance. I am delighted to have this work on my bookshelf.” (Lorraine Elliott, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice, July, 2019) “Demonstrating the value of adopting conceptually sophisticated and detailed study of environmental crimes, Cao Ngoc Anh provides a theoretically informed analysis of the dynamics of illegal logging in Vietnam. But Ngoc Anh Cao has managed this very well indeed. “It is difficult to write a book that appeals to both scholars and communities of practice, and that has something important to say to both. A wide-ranging and timely study, this book will hold particular appeal for scholars of green criminology and environmental harm. Cao concludes by offering five solutions to better control of timber trafficking in the context of Vietnam, which crucially involve refining the current policy framework of forest governance and improving the efficiency of law enforcement. Thanks to the employment of a broad conceptual framework of human security, Cao reveals that timber trafficking has substantial harmful impacts on all seven elements of human security: economic, food, health, environmental, personal, community, and political whilst being closely interconnected, they vary between different groups of victims. It then assesses the crime’s victimization from timber trafficking. The book first reveals a multifaceted pattern of timber trafficking in Vietnam, comprising five different components: harvesting, transporting, trading, supporting, and processing. This book is the first systematic investigation into the problem of timber trafficking in Vietnam, providing a detailed understanding of the typology of, victimization from, and key factors driving this crime.
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